How An Off-Grid Solar Power System Works
View an updated version of this page here.
An off-grid solar power system is similar to a grid-connected system, the difference being, an off-grid system uses batteries to store solar power. Excess power is not exported to the grid.
This is how an off-grid solar power system works:
- DC electricity is created by the solar PV panels.
- The DC electricity runs through a charge controller, controlling the voltage going into the batteries whilst protecting them.
- When power is required by the home or business it is drawn from the batteries through the inverter, which is then converted into AC electricity.
- This electricity can be used by most appliances. However, 12-volt appliances can use power directly from the battery without having to go through the inverter.
An optional backup generator can be added to the system e.g. a diesel generator when you need to use more power.
Off Grid Solar Power Components:
Solar panels and inverters are considered normal components, but when you require an off grid solar energy system you will require a few extra components. Some of these include but are not limited to:
- Charger controller
- Batteries
- Back up generator (diesel)
The type of battery you install will determine its life span. Most batteries last between 10 and 20 years. A 20-year battery will cost more, but when it comes to replacing a 10-year battery you will save yourself the extra installation cost.
Commonly used battery types include; lead acid, gel, sodium-ion and lithium-ion.
